Chapter 05The Compiler's Optimization BudgetPaid chapter

Bounds Check Elimination: What the Compiler Can Prove

Locate surviving bounds checks and preserve input behavior when changing the proof available to the compiler.

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What this chapter teaches

Common belief

Bounds checks are negligible, and the compiler removes them all anyway — slice indexing is basically free.

What actually happens

the compiler removes a bounds check when control-flow and value analysis prove that the index is in range. Facts can propagate across basic blocks, but opaque calls and relationships the compiler cannot establish can prevent elimination. In tight loops, surviving checks can be measurable.

Mechanisms covered
An explicit index assertion can move a check, but can change empty-input behavior or panic timing.
Diagnostic presence identifies a retained check, not evidence that a successful access calls panicIndex.
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